Romans

Author: The Apostle Paul. Paul was first known as Saul (Hebrew Sha’ul; “appointed”), but later took the Roman name Paul (Latin Paulus), which means “little.”

Period: 57 A.D.

Summary: Written to the congregation at Rome by the Apostle Paul, who was instructed by the Lord Jesus Christ to be a minister to the Gentiles. Paul begins the letter by showing how all men are sinners in the eyes of God and therefore worthy of death. However, Paul explains that Jesus Christ was the “second Adam” in whom no sin was found, and is able to provide an acceptable covering for men’s sin if they accept all that Jesus said and follow after him in their own lives. With this in mind, Paul explains the distinction between the Jews and the Gentiles and the final outcome of all things when the Lord Jesus returns to the earth to establish the Kingdom of God.

CHRIST: THE POWER OF GOD TO US

Key Verses: “For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ, for it is the power of God to salvation for everyone who believes, for the Jew first and also for the Greek. For in it is the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; as it is written, ‘The just shall live by faith.'” Romans 1:16-17

Breakdown:

Introduction: Chapter 1:1-15

Doctrinal: how the Gospel relates to salvation: Chapter 1:16 – 8:39

• Condemnation: 1:16 – 3:20
• Justification: 3:21-5:21
• Sanctification: 6:1-8:17
• Glorification: 8:18-39

National: how the Gospel relates to Israel: Chapter 9:1-11:36

• Selection: 9:1-33
• Rejection: 10:1-21
• Restoration: 11:1-36

Practical: how the Gospel relates to conduct: Chapter 12:1 – 15:13

• Social responsibilities: 12:1-21
• Civil responsibilities: 13:-1-14
• Congregational responsibilities: 14:1-15:13

Epilogue: personal matters: Chapter 15:14 -16:27